This book provides a comprehensive exploration of how Information Technology can transform to meet the urgent demands of sustainability in the digital age. It emphasizes green computing as a pivotal enabler of net-zero goals, addressing the pressing challenges of high energy consumption, carbon emissions, and electronic waste generated by traditional IT practices. The book blends theory, research, and practical applications to present strategies for achieving sustainable IT. Core topics include energy-efficient hardware design, AI-driven optimization, cloud and edge computing, green data centers, renewable energy integration, sustainable software development, and circular economy models. It also examines global standards, policies, compliance frameworks (ESG, CSR), and real-world case studies that highlight both challenges and opportunities in adopting green IT solutions. By tracing the historical evolution of sustainable IT practices from early awareness in the 1970s to modern cloud and AI-driven approaches the book illustrates how organizations can embed sustainability into the entire IT lifecycle: design, operation, and disposal. It stresses that green IT is not only an environmental necessity but also a strategic advantage, enhancing operational efficiency, reducing costs, and boosting corporate reputation. Designed for students, researchers, industry practitioners, and decision-makers, the book serves as both an academic reference and a practical guide. Ultimately, it envisions a future where technology and sustainability progress hand in hand, making IT a powerful catalyst for achieving global climate action and net-zero ambitions.

About the Editors’

Mr. V. Ramu is currently working an Assistant Professor in the department of Computer Science & Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) at Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science(KITS), Warangal. He completed his M.Tech in CSE at Ramappa Engineering College, Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad in 2012. The author is having more than 20 years of teaching experience from various colleges. The author is having Java Certification from Sun Microsystems USA and Oracle Certification from Oracle Corporation USA. He is having NPTEL Certifications in various programming languages like Programming in C, Python for Data science, Data Base Management Systems. He also published more than 20 National and nternational Journals. He has having more than 10 book chapters in various Core subjects of Computer Science and Engineering and other allied branches of CSE. His Research areas of specialization include Image Processing, Data Mining, Wireless sensor networks, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep Learning.

Mrs. A. Praveena is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning), Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. She obtained her UG degree in B.E Computer Science and Engineering from Sona College of Technology, Salem in 2003, M.E Degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Sona College of Technology, Salem in 2005, M.B.A from Madras University, Pursing Ph.D (Submitted Thesis) in the field of Information and Communication Engineering from Anna University Chennai. She has completed and passed Tamil Nadu State Eligibility Test (TNSET– 2016) – conducted by Mother Terasa Women’s University in the year 2016 in Computer Science. She has acted as Jury Member in Smart India Hackathon, 2022. Her research area is focused on Wireless Networks and Artificial Intelligence. Currently, she has 3 International Patents (Granted), 5 Indian patents, 2 Australian Patents and more than 36 research papers indexed in SCOPUS, Web of Science, ACM, IEEE & UGC Care Approved Journals and 16 book chapters. She has received best paper awards in national and International Conferences. She has received “Padma Jyothi Gold Medal Award” for Excellence in respective field on the occasion of 27th National Seminar on “Individual Achievements & National Development” on 26th January 2018, at Bangalore. She has worked in INFOSYS SABBATICAL PROJECT WORK as part of Campus Connect Programme while working at Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College. The project involves designing of an interface communication card between ECU (Electronic Control Unit) and RTS (Real Time Simulator). She is life member in the professional societies like ISTE, IAENG, MIR Labs etc. She has authored the books titled “Introduction to Artificial Intelligence”, “R Programming Fundamentals” and “Fundamentals of Data Science”. She has Received Grant of Rs 7500/-from Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST) for Student Project Scheme for the project titled “Smart- Site: Real Time Construction Project Management with IoT and AI(Project Code : CSE007) during the Academic Year 2023-2024. She has completed 11 NPTEL Courses, 10 Professional Development Programmes conducted by NITTTR and 12 ATAL FDP Programmes. She has acted as Advisory Committee member in various International Conferences and as reviewer in reputed journals. She has acted as Editor of the Book titled “Contemporary Research in Engineering and Management – CREM 2021”, Manglam Publications Delhi-110053 (India), 202, Chief Editor of the Book titled “ Recent Innovations in Engineering and Management”, Published by Tech Press, First Edition : 2023, ISBN : 978- 93-91697-14-3 and Book titled “Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science & Commerce (Volume – 1)”, Published by : The Hill Publication, July 2024, ISBN No : 978-81- 971947-9-5.

Dr. G. Ashok Kumar earned his Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) from Koneru Lakshmaiah University, Vijayawada, India, in 2024. He is currently serving as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Artificial Intelligence at Anurag University, Hyderabad. With over 16 years of teaching experience, he has held academic positions at several esteemed engineering institutions, including VBIT, Gurunnak institutions and KITE. He has published numerous research papers in reputed national and international journals and conferences. His research interests include Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Data Mining, and Cloud Computing. He is actively involved in guiding undergraduate and postgraduate students in academic research and industryoriented projects. His work is recognized for its practical applications and relevance to emerging trends in computer science.

Dr. J. Sathiamoorthy is currently working as a Professor at St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai. He completed his M.Tech from CIT and Ph.D. from Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. He has published research papers in reputed journals such as IEEE, Elsevier, Springer (SCI and Scopus-indexed journals). He has also presented research papers on Network Security at various national and international conferences and seminars. His current areas of interest include ad-hoc networks, particularly MANET, VANET, FANET, and Underwater Communication. He has over 18 years of teaching experience in various colleges and universities, along with more than 5 years of IT development experience in the software industry.

About the Authors’

Dr. M. Sujatha is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) at Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science (KITS), Warangal. She completed her M.Tech in CSE at Ramappa Engineering College, JNTU Hyderabad in 2009 and Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from Andhra University (Full Time Scholar), Visakhapatnam in the year 2017. He has more than 20 years of teaching and research experience. She is having NPTEL Certifications in various programming languages like Programming in C, Java and core subjects like Database Management System etc. She also Published various research papers in National and International Journals. Her Research areas include Image Data Mining, Machine Learning and Deep Learning.

Mr. Anjaneyulu Gudla is a research scholar pursuing PhD from SR University, Warangal, with a strong academic foundation in MCA, MTech, and extensive experience in teaching Computer Science Engineering subjects, programming, and applications. With over 18 years of experience in academia, He has developed a passion for imparting knowledge and guiding students in the field of computer science. Currently, He is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Technology at Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Ibrahimpatnam, Hyderabad. His research interests and expertise lie at the intersection of technology and education, and he look forward to contributing to the academic community through this book chapter.”

Mr. R. Kamalakkannan received his B.Tech. degree in Information Technology from Ranganathan Engineering College, Coimbatore, and an M.E. degree in Computer Science from Karpagam University, Coimbatore, India. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D. under Anna University. Presently, he serves as an Assistant Professor at KGiSL Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India. His primary research interests include Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, IoT, Cybersecurity, and Networking. He has made significant contributions to research, having published 20+ research articles in international journals and one in a national journal. Additionally, he has presented four research papers at international conferences and holds two design patents. To further enhance his expertise, he has actively participated in over 50 Faculty Development Programs across various domains. Beyond academia, he plays a key role in institutional coordination and event management. He is one of the coordinators of the Board of Studies (BoS) and Academic Council Meeting (ACM) at KGiSL Institute of Technology. Additionally, he contributes to organizing the “Colors” event at SNSCT. His commitment to professional development is evident through his lifetime membership in the International Association of Engineers (IAENG). Furthermore, he has been instrumental in mentoring and motivating students to participate in prestigious hackathons, including those conducted by Smart India Hackathon (SIH), Honeywell, and Tata Innovate.

In order to deliver high-caliber products to professionals and institutions around the globe, Mr. R. Anand has a proud publishing history built on cherished collaborations with authors. In addition to this, he is employed by the Nehru Institute of Technology in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India as an assistant professor in the department of aeronautical engineering. His undergraduate degree in aeronautical engineering is from St. Peter’s University in Chennai, and his master’s degree is from Park College of Engineering and Technology in Coimbatore. Along with being a fantastic academician by trade, he has around 10 years of teaching experience. The design, propulsion, and systems of aircraft are his three main interests.

Mr. Sri Kalyan Barla currently serves as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) at Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science (KITS), Warangal. He teaches both theory and lab courses in subjects such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Computer Vision and Image Processing. He completed his M.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering from Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal/JNTU Hyderabad, Telangana, in 2015. He also holds a B.Tech in Information Technology from Talla Padmavathi College of Engineering, Warangal/JNTU Hyderabad, Telangana, which he completed in 2012. Additionally, he has obtained NPTEL certifications. Prior to his current role, he worked through an agency at the National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, from January 4, 2016, to May 31, 2024. During this time, he was responsible for roles as a webmaster and programmer.

Dr. B. Asraf Yasmin is Associate Professor, presently working at Sri Muthukumaran Institute of Technology, Chennai. She has done MCA, M. Phil, Ph. D and having 16 years of teaching experience. She has obtained her MCA from St Peter’s Engineering College, M. Phil from Vinayaka Mission University (Salem) Ph D in Computer Science and Applications from St Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research. Her area of interested Cyber security, Big Data Analytics, IOT, Emotional Intelligence and Systems Security. She published more than 7 Scopus and UGC Journal Publications. She certified (NPTEL) from IIT Madras for course of Systems and Usable Security and Peer Reviewer for the Editorial Board of Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science and BP International Publisher.Life Member of “Scholars Academic and Scientific Society”. She has Coordinated and organized National seminars and International Conferences. And guided Many PG Projects.

Dr. K. C. Sreedhar acquired hid PhD from Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore in 2022.He is currently working as Associate Professor in Department of Artificial Intelligence in Anurag University, Hyderabad. He pursued his M.Tech from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad. His research interests include Data Mining, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning. He has taught various subjects like Advanced Data Structures, Computer Organization, Web Technologies, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Data warehousing and Data mining, Database Management Systems. He has also one patent to his credit. He published various articles in databases indexed by Scopus, SCI and Web of Science and also some articles in International Conferences. He has guided graduate and postgraduate engineering students in their academic and project work.

Mr. T. Ramakrishna holds an M.Tech degree in Computer Science, earned with an impressive GATE score of 93.22%. Currently serving as a Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Jayamukhi Institute of Technological Sciences, Narsampet, he brings a blend of academic excellence and teaching expertise to the classroom. He has also qualified in both UGC-NET and SLET, reflecting a strong commitment to research and higher education. With several publications in reputed national and international journals, he is actively engaged in academic research and student mentorship. He has also guided several undergraduate and postgraduate projects. His areas of interest include Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining, and he continues to engage in professional development and research.

Prof. Amitava Chakraborty is an Assistant Professor of CA/CSE/IT Department at Asansol Engineering College, West Bengal. His total academic experience is almost 21 years. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. in Mathematics and Computing from Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan and Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. Having an M.Tech degree in Multimedia and Software Systems from NITTTR, Kolkata. Having MCA Degree from NIT, Durgapur and M.Sc Degree in Applied Mathematics from Kalyani University. He is member of IEI (India), ORSI and ISTE. Three Books, 9 Papers and 8 Patents exist under his name. His areas of interest include Supply Chain Management, Data Analysis, Aerial Transportation, Cloud Computing and Distributed Computing and IoT.

Prof. Biswajit Sarkar is currently a Professor in Industrial Engineering, Yonsei University, South Korea. He has received the Best Category 2023 Outstanding Professor Achievement Award for research from Yonsei University, South Korea. He has been awarded as the 2021 Hwalchun Endowed Professor from the Department of Industrial Engineering, Yonsei University, South Korea. He has completed his Bachelor’s and Master’s in Applied Mathematics in 2002 and 2004, respectively, from Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India. He has received his Master of Philosophy in the application of Boolean Polynomials from the Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India in 2008, Doctor of Philosophy from the Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India, in 2010 in Operations Research, and Post-doctorate from the Pusan National University, South Korea (2012–2013). He has dedicated his teaching and research abilities to various universities, including Hanyang University, South Korea (2014-2019), Vidyasagar University, India (2010–2014), and Darjeeling Government College, India (2009–2010). Under his supervision, thirty students have been awarded their Ph.D.’s, and six students have been awarded their masters. Since 2010, he has published 378 journal articles in reputed journals of Applied Mathematics and Industrial Engineering, and he has published four books. He is the Editorial Board Member of some reputed International Journals of Applied Mathematics and Industrial Engineering. Currently, he is an Associate Editor of SCIE-indexed journal European Journal of Industrial Engineering. He was an Associate Editor of the SCI-indexed Journal of Cleaner Production and SCOPUS-indexed journal International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences. He is the editorial board member of some reputed International Journals of Applied Mathematics and Industrial Engineering. He is an Editor-in-Chief of the journal Green Manufacturing and Frontiers in Sustainability-Sustainable Supply Chain Management, Associate Editor-in-Chief of the journal Trends in Horticulture, Section Board Member of the journal Energies, and Topic Advisory Member of SCI-indexed journal Mathematics. He has served as the Guest Editor of several special issues of some SCI and Scopus-indexed journals. He is a member of several learned societies. In 2014, 2023, and 2024, his four papers were selected as the best research papers at an international conference in South Korea, India, and Taiwan, respectively. He has presented several research papers at international conferences as an Invited Speaker and chaired several international conferences. He has received a bronze medal for his capstone achievement from Hanyang University in 2016, the Bharat Vikash Award as a young scientist from India in 2016, an International Award from the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers in 2017 at KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea, and Hanyang University Academic Award as one of the most productive researchers in 2017 & 2018 consecutively, and GKF Academic Eminence International Award for supporting the GKF continuously and consistently as an Editorial Board Member and Expert Achievement by the Global Knowledge Foundation (GKF), USA, Inc. in 2024. Presently, Prof. Sarkar is the most active author in the topic clusters of Inventory Model; Supply Chain; Health Care Cost and Supply Chain Management; Pricing; and Commerce as on SciVal (Data Source: Scopus, as of December 2024) during 2021~2025. His SCI/SCIE/SSCI paper publication average for the last three years is 48 papers per year.

With more than 13 years of experience as an Assistant Professor in J.P.College of Engineering, Tenkasi. He is a dedicated academician, mentor and researcher specializing in Power Electronics Converters, Electric Vehicles (EV), and Energy Optimization techniques. Holding a Master’s degree in Power Electronics and Drives and a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, he is currently pursuing a PhD in Electrical Engineering, further deepening expertise in next-generation battery powered mobility solutions. He is also taking care of the Training and Placements of the Institution. He published more than 10 research papers in reputed international journals and conferences. Guided more than 30 under graduate projects in power electronics, Smart Farming, IoT, Robotics and AI applications. Handling a DST Funded Project worth 97 Lakhs in the Campus.

Mr. K. Venkateshwar Rao is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) at Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science (KITS), Warangal. He completed his M.Tech in CSE from JNTU Hyderabad and Ph.D (pursuing) in Computer Science and Engineering. He has more than 14 years of teaching and research experience. He also Published various research papers in National and International Journals. His Research areas include Machine Learning and Deep Learning.

Mr. Chandram Kurella is a Assistant Professor in the Department of Artificial Intelligence at Anurag University, with over 10 years of experience in teaching and good knowledge about research. Chandram Kurella is a Senior DevOps engineer at TechM, Capgemini, L&T with over 3 years of experience in the industry. He has worked on several large-scale projects in the finance and healthcare sectors. He holds a Master’s degree in Computer Science and is known for his ability to turn complex data into actionable insights that drive business outcomes. where he specializes in DevOps, big data analysis, He areas of expertise include artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and machine learning. Mr. Chandram Kurella is passionate about integrating emerging technologies into education and continues to contribute to various academic committees and research initiatives globally.

Mr. S. Jabez Kiruba is a passionate Electrical Engineer and researcher dedicated to advancing power system protection, fault current limiting and its optimization. With a B.E. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, an M.E. in Power System Engineering, and currently doing Ph.D. specializing in Fault Current Limiting Techniques, he has spent years exploring innovative ways in teaching and research to enhance grid resilience against electrical faults. He has published more than 6 Journals in international conferences, sharing insights that help shape the future of power systems. Guided More than 30 U.G projects and won many awards in inter and intra project expo’s.

Dr. Hannah Vijaykumar is working as Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Computer Science, Anna Adarsh College for Women, Chennai having a teaching experience of 29 years. She obtained her MCA and M.Phil from Bharathidasan University and completed her Ph.D from University of Madras. Her research domain is Software Engineering and her areas of interest include Software Metrics and their Constraints, Agile Software Development, Cloud computing architecture and Cyber security. She has published 5 papers in International and National Journals. In addition she has published 4 book chapters and authored 4 books. She has 3 International and 1 National patent in her interest areas. Dr. Hannah Vijaykumar serves as Dean of Computational Studies, Anna Adarsh College for Women, Chennai.

Mr. Obaiah Pillikandla obtained his M. Tech(Computer Networks and Information Security)from JNTUH, Hyderabad in 2012 and since working as Assistant Professor Department of CSE/IT in Malla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous).Main campus. Maisammaguda, Dulapalli, Telangana state. Another post graduation degree obtained from MSc (ls) Master of science and Information System from Nizam College ,Osmania University Hyderabad in 2007. BCA graduation obtained from S.V.Arts College, Sri Venkateshwara University ,Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh.